The major political judgment on the main contradictions in Chinese society by Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era is of global guiding significance to the advancement of ruling the country by law in an all-round way. The rule of law can play an important role in satisfying the people’s demand for fairness and justice, as well as in solving many problems faced by China, such as weak guarantee of people’s livelihood, unbalance in development, lack of creativity, and environmental and ecological degradation. After entering into the new era, the fundamental role of the rule of law in resolving social conflicts will become even more prominent. The establishment of the Leading Group on Ruing the Country by Law in an All-round Way (the Leading Group) is conducive to adhering to the Party’s leadership over legislation, ensuring the enforcement of law, supporting administration of justice, taking the lead in abiding by the law, and unifying the basic strategy of ruling the country by law with the basic method of exercising the ruling power by law, and provides important institutional support and safeguard for scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, fair administration of justice, and observance of law by all people and strong motive force for the integrated construction of a law-based government, a law-based state, and a law-based society. The establishment of the Leading Group is conductive to ensuring the correct political orientation of the work ruling the country by in an all-round way and the organic unity of the Party’s leadership, the people’s status as masters of the country and ruling the country by law. Implementing the Party’s leadership in the whole process and all aspects of ruling the country by law is a basic experience gained by China in the construction of socialist rule of law. The establishment of the Leading Group embodies a new understanding by the Party of the strategy of ruling the country by law in an all-round way and is conducive to strengthening the Party’s leadership over the work of ruling the country by law in an all-round way. The strategic arrangement made by the CPC at its Nineteenth National Congress on ruling the country by law in an all-round way embodies the inherent demand of Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and will start a new journey of ruling the country by law in an all-round way in China. Faced by this rare opportunity in the new era, legal scholars in China should arm their brains with Xi Jinping’s new thought and actively embrace, participate and promote the great cause of realization of the Chinese Dream.