“Difficulties in the execution of judgments” is a long existing problem that has seriously implemented the work of people’s courts and affected the credibility of the judiciary in China. In recent years, the CPC and the Chinese Government has paid high attention to this problem. Mr. Zhou Qiang, the President of the Supreme People’s Court, solemnly announced at the Fourth Session of the Twelfth NPC that: “China will basically overcome the difficulties in the execution of judgments within a period of two to three years.” Assessment is one of the key to the work of overcoming the difficulties in the execution of judgments. To ensure the objectiveness and fairness of the assessment, the Supreme People’s Court introduced the third party assessment mechanism, carried out by CASS Law Institute in cooperation with China Law Society, All China Lawyers Association, Research Center for Procedural System and Judicial Reform of Renmin University of China and thirteen mass media, including People’s Daily, Xinhua News Agency and CCTV. It has also invited 15 prominent scholars as specially engaged experts to participate in the assessment. CASS Center for the Study of National Indices of the Rule of Law was responsible for the concrete work of developing the index system for the assessment and carrying out the assessment. Up to now, the Center has already successfully carried out a series of independent third party assessment on the disclosure of government information, judicial transparency, openness of procuratorial affairs, and the work of overcoming the difficulties in the execution of judgments by people’s courts in Shenzhen City, thereby forcefully promoted the institutional reform and innovation in the relevant fields. On January 19, 2017, the CASS Law Institute published on its official website the “Index System for the Assessment of the Work of Basically Overcoming Difficulties in the Execution of Judgments by People’s Courts”. The system, which includes over 230 concrete indices, will provide specific criteria for the assessment of the execution of judgments by people’s courts at various levels in the whole country.